Journal Guides7 min readUpdated Mar 25, 2026

Nucleic Acids Research Cover Letter: What Editors Actually Need to See

NAR has a resubmission disclosure rule that trips up returning authors. If you previously submitted any version of this manuscript to NAR and it was rejected, you must disclose the prior manuscript number and explain what changed.

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Specializes in manuscript preparation and peer review strategy for oncology and cell biology, with deep experience evaluating submissions to Nature Medicine, JCO, Cancer Cell, and Cell-family journals.

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How to use this page well

These pages work best when they behave like tools, not essays. Use the quick structure first, then apply it to the exact journal and manuscript situation.

Question
What to do
Use this page for
Getting the structure, tone, and decision logic right before you send anything out.
Most important move
Make the reviewer-facing or editor-facing ask obvious early rather than burying it in prose.
Common mistake
Turning a practical page into a long explanation instead of a working template or checklist.
Next step
Use the page as a tool, then adjust it to the exact manuscript and journal situation.

Quick answer: a strong NAR cover letter states scope fit, confirms free data and tool access, specifies the article type, and discloses any prior NAR submission. The resubmission disclosure rule is the single most NAR-specific requirement and the one most often missed.

What the official sources do and do not tell you

The NAR author guidelines explain formatting, data-availability policies, and special-issue timelines. They do clearly state the resubmission disclosure rule and the free-access requirement for tools and databases.

What the guidelines imply but do not emphasize:

  • the editorial office uses ScholarOne logs to identify undisclosed resubmissions, so trying to skip disclosure will be caught
  • Web Server Issue cover letters must list competing tools with their URLs (this is a hard requirement, not a suggestion)
  • tools requiring login or registration are not accepted, period
  • the free-data requirement applies to all article types, not just special issues

What the editor is really screening for

At triage, the editor is asking:

  • does this paper have a clear connection to nucleic acid biology, genomics, or related methodology?
  • is the main finding stated directly, not hedged?
  • are all tools, code, and data freely accessible at the provided URLs right now, not "upon acceptance"?
  • if this is a resubmission, was it disclosed honestly with a point-by-point response?

For Web Server and Database submissions, the editor also checks whether the proposal was previously accepted (submitting to a special issue without a prior accepted proposal results in administrative rejection).

What a strong NAR cover letter should actually do

A strong letter usually does five things:

  • states the scientific question and the main finding directly
  • specifies the article type (Research Article, Brief Communication, Survey and Summary, or special issue)
  • confirms free access to all tools, code, and data with URLs
  • discloses any prior NAR submission with manuscript number and revision summary
  • for Web Server Issue papers, lists competing tools with URLs

A practical template you can adapt

Dear Editors of Nucleic Acids Research,

We submit "[TITLE]" for consideration as a [Research Article / Brief
Communication / Survey and Summary] in Nucleic Acids Research.

[1–2 sentences: the open question this work addresses.]

[1–2 sentences: the main finding, stated directly.]

[1–2 sentences: why this matters to the NAR readership.]

[If resubmission: This manuscript was previously submitted under
manuscript number [NAR-XXXXX-X-XXXX] and was returned on [date].
We have addressed all concerns. A point-by-point response is
uploaded separately. Authorship changes: [none / describe].]

All data and code are freely available at [URL] without login.
The authors declare no competing interests.

Sincerely,
[Name, Affiliation]

For Web Server Issue submissions, add after the main finding:

The following existing web servers perform related computations:
- [Tool A]: [URL] — [brief description]
- [Tool B]: [URL] — [brief description]
- [Tool C]: [URL] — [brief description]

Our tool differs by [1–2 sentences].

[Tool name] is freely accessible at [URL] without registration.

Mistakes that make these letters weak

The common failures are:

  • failing to disclose a prior NAR submission (the editorial office will find it)
  • not listing competing tools in Web Server Issue submissions
  • requiring login for your tool or database
  • using a vague data-availability statement ("available upon request")
  • submitting to a special issue without a prior accepted proposal
  • writing a generic cover letter with no NAR-specific content

What should drive the submission decision instead

Before polishing the letter further, confirm the journal fit is honest.

The better next reads are:

If the paper is primarily a biological finding enabled by genomic data, Genome Biology may be a better fit. If it is a new method with broad life-sciences applicability, Nature Methods is the higher-impact option.

Practical verdict

The strongest NAR cover letters are operationally precise: they specify the article type, confirm free access, and handle disclosure cleanly. The resubmission rule is the one NAR-specific detail that most authors miss, and it is the one editors notice most.

A free Manusights scan can help check whether your cover letter covers all the NAR-specific requirements before you upload to ScholarOne.

References

Sources

  1. 1. NAR author guidelines, Oxford University Press.
  2. 2. NAR Web Server Issue call for papers, Oxford University Press.
  3. 3. NAR Database Issue call for papers, Oxford University Press.
  4. 4. ScholarOne submission portal for NAR, Oxford University Press.
  5. 5. Clarivate Journal Citation Reports, 2025 release.

Reference library

Use the core publishing datasets alongside this guide

This article answers one part of the publishing decision. The reference library covers the recurring questions that usually come next: how selective journals are, how long review takes, and what the submission requirements look like across journals.

Open the reference library

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