Journal Guides5 min readUpdated May 16, 2026

The Astrophysical Journal 'Under Review': What Each Status Means

If your Astrophysical Journal submission shows Under Review, here is what each status means and when to follow up.

By Senior Researcher, Physics
Author contextSenior Researcher, Physics. Experience with Physical Review Letters, Physical Review B, Nature Physics.View profile

What to do next

Already submitted to Astrophysical Journal? Use this page to interpret the status and choose the next step.

The useful next step is understanding what the status usually means at Astrophysical Journal, how long the wait normally runs, and when a follow-up is actually reasonable.

See The Next StepAnthropic Privacy Partner. Zero-retention manuscript processing.Run Free Readiness ScanOr check your bibliography for retracted citations
Timeline context

Astrophysical Journal review timeline: what the data shows

Time to first decision is the most actionable number. What happens after varies by manuscript and reviewer availability.

Full journal profile
Time to decision~60 dayFirst decision
Acceptance rate75%Overall selectivity
Impact factor5.4Clarivate JCR

What shapes the timeline

  • Desk decisions are fast. Scope problems surface within days.
  • Reviewer availability is the main variable after triage. Specialized topics take longer to assign.
  • Revision rounds reset the clock. Major revision typically adds 6-12 weeks per round.

What to do while waiting

  • Track status in the submission portal — status changes signal active review.
  • Wait at least the journal's stated median before sending a status inquiry.
  • Prepare revision materials in parallel if you expect a revise-and-resubmit decision.

_Last reviewed: 2026-05-16._

Quick answer: The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ) has a 2024 JCR impact factor of 5.4, accepts about 70 percent of submissions with revisions, and reports a median first-decision time of approximately 60 days. If still Under Review past 2 weeks, you have likely cleared the initial editorial screen.

Submission portal and editorial contact: The Astrophysical Journal uses AAS/IOP ScholarOne at mc.manuscriptcentral.com/apj-journals. Editorial questions go through the AAS editorial office; the IOP portal supports queries via the IOP Publishing author services.

ApJ desk-rejects roughly 25 to 35 percent in 5 to 10 days. If past that window, peer review is active.

While you wait

A ApJ submission readiness check flags uncertainty-treatment gaps, reproducibility issues, and missing software citations that drive most desk rejections.

ApJ's review pipeline

Status
What is happening
Typical duration
Submitted
Administrative processing
Day 0 to 2
With Editor
Editor evaluating desk-screen fit
Days 2 to 10
Under Review
Reviewers invited or actively reviewing
Days 10 to 60
Required Reviews Complete
Editor synthesizing reports
5 to 10 days
Decision in Process
Editor finalizing decision letter
3 to 7 days
Decision Made
Reject, R&R, or accept
Check email

The editorial desk screen (about 25 to 35 percent rejected)

ApJ editors evaluate astrophysical-contribution completeness, uncertainty treatment, and reproducibility. ApJ filters for completeness rather than prestige; desk rejections usually mean incomplete uncertainty analysis or missing data-availability statements.

Day 0: ScholarOne upload

The mc.manuscriptcentral.com/apj-journals portal accepts the package and routes to an editor matching the astrophysics subfield.

Days 1 to 10: Editor desk-screen

The handling editor reads the paper, evaluates uncertainty treatment and completeness, and decides whether to invite reviewers.

Days 10 to 28: Reviewer invitations

ApJ typically invites two to three reviewers with astrophysics-subfield expertise.

Days 28 to 60: Peer review

Reviewer reports return on a 4 to 12 week cadence; the 60-day median first-decision time reflects this.

Days 60 to 90: First editorial decision

Minor revision or major revision are the most common outcomes; outright rejection is less common than at flagship astronomy venues.

Days 90 to 240: Revision rounds and acceptance

Single-revision acceptances run roughly 4 to 6 months total.

When to worry

  • Rejection within 1 to 5 days: Administrative issue or immediate scope mismatch.
  • Rejection within 7 to 14 days: Desk rejection. Usually completeness or scope.
  • Still Under Review after 3 weeks: Good sign.
  • Still Under Review after 12 weeks: Reviewer delay (common during conference season).
  • Status changes to "Decision in Process": Decision within days.

Readiness check

While you wait on Astrophysical Journal, scan your next manuscript.

The scan takes about 1-2 minutes. Use the result to decide whether to revise before the decision comes back.

Check my next manuscriptAnthropic Privacy Partner. Zero-retention manuscript processing.Open status guideOr verify a citation in 10 seconds

What to do while waiting

  • Do not contact during the first 10 weeks unless urgent.
  • Prepare a point-by-point response template focused on uncertainty propagation, reproducibility, and software citations.

How ApJ compares to nearby alternatives

Feature
ApJ
MNRAS
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nature Astronomy
Desk rejection rate
25 to 35 percent
20 to 30 percent
25 to 35 percent
80 to 85 percent
Desk decision speed
5 to 10 days
7 to 14 days
7 to 14 days
7 to 14 days
Total review time
60 days median
1 to 2 months first decision
1 to 2 months first decision
8 to 14 weeks
Editorial bar
Completeness and reproducibility
Theoretical/computational astrophysics
European astronomy, ESA/ESO data
Highest-impact astrophysics

Submit if your paper passed the desk

If your ApJ paper is Under Review past 2 weeks, you have likely cleared the desk screen.

Astrophysical Journal submission readiness check.

Think twice before assuming "Under Review" means safe

Editors retain discretion to reject after partial review if reviewer reports identify uncertainty or reproducibility gaps. Our ApJ manuscript fit check flags uncertainty-treatment and reproducibility gaps before reviewers do.

For a free pre-upload diagnostic, use the ApJ manuscript fit check.

Last verified: ApJ author guidance, AAS/IOP ScholarOne portal at mc.manuscriptcentral.com/apj-journals, and AAS editorial office.

The ApJ reviewer experience

Reviewer focus area
What ApJ asks reviewers to evaluate
How to prepare
Uncertainty treatment
Are systematic and statistical uncertainties propagated correctly?
Document each uncertainty source explicitly
Reproducibility
Could another team reproduce these analyses from methods and data?
Deposit data; cite software with versions
Astrophysical context
Does the work connect to current astrophysical questions?
Anchor introduction to an active research question
Methods clarity
Are observational/computational methods well-described?
Include enough detail for reproduction without author contact
Software citation
Are analysis tools cited with versions per AAS policy?
Cite each tool (Python, NumPy, etc.) with version

In our pre-submission review work with ApJ manuscripts

Three failure patterns generate the most consistent rejections.

Uncertainty treatment incomplete. ApJ editors flag papers with weak systematic-uncertainty analysis.

Missing software citations. AAS policy requires versioned citations for analysis tools.

Reproducibility unclear. Data-availability and code-availability statements are required.

Methodology note

This page was created from ApJ's public author guidance, AAS/IOP ScholarOne documentation, and Manusights review work.

Frequently asked questions

Your manuscript has cleared AAS/IOP ScholarOne admin checks and is being evaluated, either by the handling editor or by external peer reviewers.

The Astrophysical Journal reports a median first-decision time of approximately 60 days. Desk decisions usually arrive within 1 to 2 weeks; full peer-review decisions land 6 to 12 weeks after submission.

Wait at least 12 weeks before inquiring. Contact the AAS editorial office, referencing the manuscript ID.

Reviewers are evaluating the paper. ApJ typically invites two to three reviewers with astrophysics-subfield expertise.

Yes. The 60-day median means roughly half of papers take longer. Conference-season delays are common.

Past 12 weeks is the right moment for a polite, factual inquiry. Silence in the first 6 weeks is normal.

References

Sources

  1. ApJ author guidelines
  2. AAS/IOP ScholarOne submission portal
  3. AAS editorial policies

Best next step

Use this page to interpret the status and choose the next sensible move.

For Astrophysical Journal, the better next step is guidance on timing, follow-up, and what to do while the manuscript is still in the system. Save the Free Readiness Scan for the next paper you have not submitted yet.

Guidance first. Use the scan for the next manuscript.

Anthropic Privacy Partner. Zero-retention manuscript processing.

Internal navigation

Where to go next

Open Status Guide