Journal Guides6 min readUpdated Mar 31, 2026

Is Astronomy & Astrophysics a Good Journal? Impact, Scope, and Fit

Astronomy & Astrophysics (IF 5.4, EDP Sciences/ESO) is the flagship European astronomy journal. Here's how it compares to ApJ, MNRAS, and Nature Astronomy.

Research Scientist, Neuroscience & Cell Biology

Author context

Works across neuroscience and cell biology, with direct expertise in preparing manuscripts for PNAS, Nature Neuroscience, Neuron, eLife, and Nature Communications.

Journal fit

See whether this paper looks realistic for Astronomy & Astrophysics.

Run the Free Readiness Scan with Astronomy & Astrophysics as your target journal and see whether this paper looks like a realistic submission.

Check my manuscript fitAnthropic Privacy Partner. Zero-retention manuscript processing.See sample reportOr compare against 1000+ journals and conferences
Journal context

Astronomy & Astrophysics at a glance

Key metrics to place the journal before deciding whether it fits your manuscript and career goals.

Full journal profile
Impact factor5.8Clarivate JCR
Acceptance rate~40-50%Overall selectivity
Time to decision~120-150 days medianFirst decision

What makes this journal worth targeting

  • IF 5.8 puts Astronomy & Astrophysics in a visible tier — citations from papers here carry real weight.
  • Scope specificity matters more than impact factor for most manuscript decisions.
  • Acceptance rate of ~~40-50% means fit determines most outcomes.

When to look elsewhere

  • When your paper sits at the edge of the journal's stated scope — borderline fit rarely improves after submission.
  • If timeline matters: Astronomy & Astrophysics takes ~~120-150 days median. A faster-turnaround journal may suit a grant or job deadline better.
  • If open access is required by your funder, verify the journal's OA agreements before submitting.
Quick verdict

How to read Astronomy & Astrophysics as a target

This page should help you decide whether Astronomy & Astrophysics belongs on the shortlist, not just whether it sounds impressive.

Question
Quick read
Best for
Astronomy & Astrophysics published by EDP Sciences is the premier European journal for astrophysics.
Editors prioritize
Novel observational discovery or analysis with significant astrophysical implication
Think twice if
Reporting observational data without novel analysis or astrophysical insight
Typical article types
Article, Letter, Review

Quick answer: Yes. Astronomy & Astrophysics is the flagship European astronomy journal (IF 5.4, Q1), backed by the European Southern Observatory and a consortium of national astronomical societies. It publishes the full range of astrophysics research and is one of the three core astronomy journals alongside ApJ and MNRAS.

Key metrics at a glance

Metric
Value
Impact Factor (2024)
5.4
Publisher
EDP Sciences / ESO consortium
Open Access
Full OA (Subscribe-to-Open model)
Acceptance Rate
~55-65%
Typical First Decision
4-8 weeks
Page Charges
Minimal (~$500 vs ~$3,000 at ApJ)
Quartile
Q1 Astronomy and Astrophysics

What makes A&A editorially distinct

A&A is the astronomy journal of Europe. It is backed by the European Southern Observatory and the national astronomy societies of France, Germany, the Netherlands, and other participating countries. That institutional backing is not just historical branding. It means ESO instrument papers, European Space Agency mission results, and large European survey data often appear here first.

The journal has the highest IF (5.4) among the three broad-scope astronomy journals, edging out MNRAS (4.8) and ApJ (4.6). It also has the lowest publication costs, which matters for researchers outside well-funded US institutions. Full open access under the Subscribe-to-Open model means no author-side APCs for most European researchers.

Editorially, A&A emphasizes concise writing and tight manuscript discipline. The journal has strict formatting requirements and enforces keyword discipline more rigorously than ApJ or MNRAS. Papers that need long, discursive development may find the style constraints challenging.

How it compares to similar journals

Journal
IF (2024)
Publisher
Best for
Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)
5.4
EDP Sciences/ESO
European-led astronomical research
The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
4.6
AAS/IOP
US astrophysics community
MNRAS
4.8
RAS/Oxford
UK/international astrophysics
Nature Astronomy
14.3
Springer Nature
Highest-impact astronomy discoveries

The three flagship journals (A&A, ApJ, MNRAS) have overlapping scope and similar acceptance rates. The decision between them is often driven by community affiliation, institutional economics, and where your collaborators publish. European-led research, especially work using ESO telescopes or ESA missions, has a natural home at A&A. US groups default to ApJ. UK groups lean toward MNRAS.

A&A's cost advantage is real. At ~$500 in page charges versus ~$3,000 at ApJ, it is significantly cheaper to publish here, which matters for groups without generous publication budgets.

Submit if

  • Your research is European-led or uses ESO/ESA facilities and data
  • You want full open access without paying a large APC
  • The paper is a complete astronomical result with proper uncertainty treatment
  • Your writing is concise and can work within A&A's tighter formatting requirements

Journal fit

See whether this paper looks realistic for Astronomy & Astrophysics.

Run the scan with Astronomy & Astrophysics as the target. Get a manuscript-specific fit signal before you commit.

Check my manuscript fitAnthropic Privacy Partner. Zero-retention manuscript processing.See sample reportOr compare against 1000+ journals and conferences

Think twice if

  • Your primary audience is the North American astronomy community (ApJ gives better visibility there)
  • The result is time-sensitive or high-impact enough for Nature Astronomy
  • Your manuscript needs a long, discursive format that works against A&A's style preferences
  • The paper is still exploratory or incomplete (A&A expects finished, rigorous work)

Frequently asked questions

Is Astronomy & Astrophysics a good journal?

Yes. Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) is a leading astronomy journal with a 2024 impact factor of 5.4 and Q1 ranking. It is the flagship journal of the European Southern Observatory and multiple European national astronomical societies.

What is A&A's acceptance rate?

Astronomy & Astrophysics has an acceptance rate of roughly 55-65%. Like ApJ and MNRAS, it is a high-volume community journal that filters for scientific rigor and completeness rather than extreme selectivity.

Is A&A open access?

Yes. A&A adopted full open access in 2022 under a Subscribe-to-Open model. Published articles are freely accessible without author-facing APCs for researchers at subscribing institutions. Page charges are minimal compared to ApJ.

How does A&A compare to ApJ and MNRAS?

A&A (IF 5.4), ApJ (IF 4.6), and MNRAS (IF 4.8) are the three broad-scope flagship astronomy journals. A&A serves the European community, ApJ the US, and MNRAS the UK. All three have similar acceptance rates and scientific standards. A&A has the lowest publication costs and the highest IF of the three.

Bottom line

Astronomy & Astrophysics is one of the top three astronomy journals in the world. It has the highest impact factor of the broad-scope trio, the lowest publication costs, and full open access. If your research is European-led or you want affordable, rigorous publication in a flagship astronomy venue, A&A is an excellent choice.

Want to check whether your astronomy manuscript is ready for A&A? A A&A scope and readiness check can flag gaps before you submit.

Before you submit

A A&A submission readiness check identifies the specific framing and scope issues that trigger desk rejection before you submit.

A&A: the European astrophysics flagship

Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A, IF ~5.4) is the European counterpart to ApJ, published by EDP Sciences with support from ESO. The journal covers all aspects of astronomy and astrophysics with a European editorial identity.

A&A does not compete with ApJ on prestige, they are peer journals serving overlapping but geographically distinct communities. European researchers often default to A&A; North American researchers to ApJ. The editorial quality is equivalent.

The journal does not charge APCs for most articles. It uses a board of academic editors (active astronomers) rather than professional editors.

A A&A desk-rejection risk check scores fit against the journal's editorial bar.

Why timing your submission matters

Journal editorial capacity fluctuates. Submissions during major conference seasons face longer reviewer turnaround. End-of-year submissions may sit longer during holiday periods. New IF announcements (June each year) can temporarily increase submissions to journals whose IF rose.

For selective journals, the practical advice is: submit when the manuscript is ready, not when the calendar seems favorable. A paper that is scientifically complete and properly targeted will succeed regardless of timing. A paper with gaps will fail regardless of when you submit.

A A&A submission readiness check evaluates fit independently of timing.

How to use this information strategically

A A&A scope and readiness check gives you the verdict: does your paper fit this journal?

Frequently asked questions

Yes. Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) is a leading astronomy journal with a 2024 impact factor of 5.4 and Q1 ranking. It is the flagship journal of the European Southern Observatory and multiple European national astronomical societies.

Astronomy & Astrophysics has an acceptance rate of roughly 55-65%. Like ApJ and MNRAS, it is a high-volume community journal that filters for scientific rigor and completeness rather than extreme selectivity.

Yes. A&A adopted full open access in 2022 under a Subscribe-to-Open model. Published articles are freely accessible without author-facing APCs for researchers at subscribing institutions. Page charges are minimal compared to ApJ.

A&A (IF 5.4), ApJ (IF 4.6), and MNRAS (IF 4.8) are the three broad-scope flagship astronomy journals. A&A serves the European community, ApJ the US, and MNRAS the UK. All three have similar acceptance rates and scientific standards. A&A has the lowest publication costs and the highest IF of the three.

References

Sources

  1. 1. Astronomy & Astrophysics journal homepage, EDP Sciences.
  2. 2. Astronomy & Astrophysics author information, EDP Sciences.
  3. 3. Clarivate Journal Citation Reports (released June 2025).

Final step

See whether this paper fits Astronomy & Astrophysics.

Run the Free Readiness Scan with Astronomy & Astrophysics as your target journal and get a manuscript-specific fit signal before you commit.

Anthropic Privacy Partner. Zero-retention manuscript processing.

Internal navigation

Where to go next

Check my manuscript fit